Rhamnocitrin CAS NO.569-92-6

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General tips：For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
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Chemical Properties of Rhamnocitrin

Source of Rhamnocitrin

1 Artemisia sp. 2 Astragalus sp. 3 Echinops sp. 4 Iris sp. 5 Melissa sp. 6 Morus sp. 7 Nervilia sp. 8 Oxytropis sp. 9 Phyllanthus sp. 10 Populus sp. 11 Solanum sp. 12 Tamarix sp.

Biological Activity of Rhamnocitrin

Preparing Stock Solutions of Rhamnocitrin

References on Rhamnocitrin

Regulation of heme oxygenase-1 expression and MAPK pathways in response to kaempferol and rhamnocitrin in PC12 cells.[Pubmed:19265714]

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 May 15;237(1):59-68.

Oxidative stress has been considered as a major cause of cellular injuries in a variety of clinical abnormalities, especially neural diseases. Our aim of research is to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of kaempferol and Rhamnocitrin (kaempferol-7-methyl ether) on oxidative damage in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells induced by a limited supply of serum and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The current result demonstrated that kaempferol protected PC12 cells from serum deprivation-induced apoptosis. Pretreatment of cells with kaempferol also diminished intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to H2O2 and strongly elevated cell viability. RT-Q-PCR and Western blotting revealed that kaempferol and Rhamnocitrin significantly induced heme oxygenase (HO)-1 gene expression. Addition of zinc protoporphyrin (Znpp), a HO-1 competitive inhibitor, significantly attenuated their protective effects in H2O2-treated cells, indicating the vital role of HO-1 in cell resistance to oxidative injury. While investigating the signaling pathways responsible for HO-1 induction, we observed that kaempferol induced sustained extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in PC12 cells grown in low serum medium; while Rhamnocitrin only stimulated transient ERK cascade. Addition of U0126, a highly selective inhibitor of MEK1/2, which is upstream of ERK1/2, had no effect on kaempferol- or Rhamnocitrin-induced HO-1 mRNA expression, indicating no direct cross-talk between these two pathways. Furthermore, both kaempferol and Rhamnocitrin were able to persistently attenuate p38 phosphorylation. Taking together, the above findings suggest that kaempferol and Rhamnocitrin can augment cellular antioxidant defense capacity, at least in part, through regulation of HO-1 expression and MAPK signal transduction.

Antiatherogenic effects of kaempferol and rhamnocitrin.[Pubmed:17973448]

J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Nov 28;55(24):9969-76.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall. Kaempferol and Rhamnocitrin (kaempferol 7-O-methyl ether) are two anti-inflammatory flavonoids commonly found in plants. The aim of this study is to investigate the function of kaempferol and Rhamnocitrin on prevention of atherosclerosis. Chemical analyses demonstrated that kaempferol and Rhamnocitrin were scavengers of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) with IC50 of 26.10 +/- 1.33 and 28.38 +/- 3.07 microM, respectively. Copper-induced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation was inhibited by kaempferol and Rhamnocitrin, with similar potency, as measured by decreased formation of malondialdehyde and relative electrophoretic mobility (REM) on agarose gel, while Rhamnocitrin reduced delayed formation of conjugated dienes better than kaempferol. Cholesterol-laden macrophages are the hallmark of atherogenesis. The class B scavenger receptor, CD36, binds oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), is found in atherosclerotic lesions, and is up-regulated by oxLDL. Addition of kaempferol and Rhamnocitrin (20 microM) caused significant reductions in cell surface CD36 protein expression in THP-1-derived macrophages (p < 0.05). Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-Q-PCR) showed that kaempferol and Rhamnocitrin (20 microM) decreased oxLDL-induced CD36 mRNA expression (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Kaempferol- and Rhamnocitrin-treated macrophages also showed reduction in 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanide perchlorate (DiI)-labeled oxLDL uptake. Current evidences indicate that kaempferol and Rhamnocitrin not only protect LDL from oxidation but also prevent atherogenesis through suppressing macrophage uptake of oxLDL.

Description

Rhamnocitrin is a flavonoid isolated from astragalus complanatus R. Br. (Sha-yuan-zi). Rhamnocitrin is a scavenger of DPPH with an IC50 of 28.38 mM. Rhamnocitrin has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and an-tiatherosclerosis activity.

Keywords:

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