Geraniin CAS NO.60976-49-0

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ProName: Geraniin
CasNo: 60976-49-0
Molecular Formula: C41H28O27=952.64
Appearance: detailed see specifications
Application: analysis,activity test,Botanical Refer...
DeliveryTime: 1-3?working?days?after?confirming?the?...
PackAge: According to the clients requirement.
Port: China main port
ProductionCapacity: 1 Metric Ton/Day
Purity: ≥98%
Storage: Store at 2~8°C
Transportation: by air or by ocean shipping
LimitNum: 10 Milligram
Plant of Origin: Chinese herbal medicine
Testing Method: NMR/MS/HPLC
Product Ecification: 1mg-1kg
Heavy Metal: <10ppm
Voluntary Standards: company standard
Storage: Store in dry, dark and ventilated plac...
PackAge: Brown vial HDPE plastic bottle

Superiority

Hubei CuiRan Biotechnology Co., Ltd is a leading company in the research, development, manufacture and marketing of High Quality Phytochemicals and Extracts(especially Active Ingredients from Traditional Chinese Medicine，Traditional Chinese Medicine), Natural Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients worldwide. From small quantities for R&D or reference standard, to large quantities for customizing or manufacturing, Biopurify emphasizes on consistent and reliable services for his customers.
With excellent quality products and good service, we have clients from more than dozens countries and regions, and we pride ourselves in providing our customers with a total satisfaction experiences.
We are doing our best to be your reliable partner for high quality Phytochemicals and Reference Standards from china.

Our main services:
A. Supply active ingredients and reference standards ofTraditional Chinese Medicine, from mgs to kgs scale.
B. Custom extraction and purification, target Herb Active Ingredients
C. Custom synthesis and semi-synthesis for Natural Active Ingredients
D. CR, CM and PD services from lab scale, pilot scale to commercial scale(GMP is also available)
E.Traditional Chinese Medicine compounds library

1.Provide traditional Chinese medicine reference materials and natural active ingredients;
2.More than 2200 compounds are available for selection, continuously building high-quality natural product libraries for drug research and development;
3.Provide various screening libraries and more inhibitor products;
4.Provide separation and structural determination of natural products;
5.Laboratory scale pilot to commercial scale collaborative research and process development services.More than 180 experiences in phytochemistry (still increasing)
Each product has passed very strict testing (NMR/MS/HPLC)
Agents from many countries

General tips：For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months.
Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging：1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial.
2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial.
3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition：Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Details

Chemical Properties of Geraniin

Cas No.	60976-49-0	SDF
PubChem ID	338147	Appearance	Light yellow powder
Formula	C₄₁H₂₈O₂₇	M.Wt	952.64
Type of Compound	Phenols	Storage	Desiccate at -20°C
Solubility	DMSO : 100 mg/mL (104.97 mM; Need ultrasonic)
SMILES	C1C2C3C(C(C(O2)OC(=O)C4=CC(=C(C(=C4)O)O)O)OC(=O)C5=CC(=C(C6=C5C7C(=CC(=O)C(C7(O)O)(O6)O)C(=O)O3)O)O)OC(=O)C8=CC(=C(C(=C8C9=C(C(=C(C=C9C(=O)O1)O)O)O)O)O)O
Standard InChIKey	JQQBXPCJFAKSPG-CFJALHDPSA-N
Standard InChI	InChI=1S/C41H28O27/c42-13-1-8(2-14(43)24(13)48)34(54)67-39-33-32-30(64-38(58)12-6-19(47)41(61)40(59,60)23(12)22-11(37(57)66-33)5-17(46)27(51)31(22)68-41)18(63-39)7-62-35(55)9-3-15(44)25(49)28(52)20(9)21-10(36(56)65-32)4-16(45)26(50)29(21)53/h1-6,18,23,30,32-33,39,42-46,48-53,59-61H,7H2/t18?,23-,30?,32?,33?,39?,41-/m0/s1
General tips	For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. We recommend that you prepare and use the solution on the same day. However, if the test schedule requires, the stock solutions can be prepared in advance, and the stock solution must be sealed and stored below -20℃. In general, the stock solution can be kept for several months. Before use, we recommend that you leave the vial at room temperature for at least an hour before opening it.
About Packaging	1. The packaging of the product may be reversed during transportation, cause the high purity compounds to adhere to the neck or cap of the vial.Take the vail out of its packaging and shake gently until the compounds fall to the bottom of the vial. 2. For liquid products, please centrifuge at 500xg to gather the liquid to the bottom of the vial. 3. Try to avoid loss or contamination during the experiment.
Shipping Condition	Packaging according to customer requirements(5mg, 10mg, 20mg and more). Ship via FedEx, DHL, UPS, EMS or other couriers with RT, or blue ice upon request.

Source of Geraniin

1 Aleurites sp. 2 Euphorbia sp. 3 Excoecaria sp. 4 Geranium sp. 5 Geum sp. 6 Mallotus sp. 7 Phyllanthus sp. 8 Ricinus sp. 9 Sapium sp.

Biological Activity of Geraniin

Description	Geraniin is a TNF-α releasing inhibitor with numerous activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, has anti-oxidant , and anti-hyperglycemic activities, with an IC50 of 43 μM. Geraniin presents radioprotective effects by regulating DNA damage on splenocytes, exerting immunostimulatory capacities and inhibiting apoptosis of radiosensitive immune cells and jejunal crypt cells. Geraniin induces Nrf2-mediated expression of antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and NQO1, presumably via PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, thereby protecting cells from H2O2-induced oxidative cell death.
Targets	NF-kB \| ERK \| Nrf2 \| PI3K \| Akt \| NADPH-oxidase \| HO-1 \| ROS \| MMP(e.g.TIMP) \| p53 \| NQO1 \| TNF-α
In vitro	Geraniin suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro and ameliorates wear particle-induced osteolysis in mouse model.[Pubmed: 25016282] Exp Cell Res. 2015 Jan 1;330(1):91-101. Wear particle-induced osteolysis and subsequent aseptic loosening remains the most common complication that limits the longevity of prostheses. Wear particle-induced osteoclastogenesis is known to be responsible for extensive bone erosion that leads to prosthesis failure. Thus, inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption may serve as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of wear particle induced osteolysis. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that Geraniin, an active natural compound derived from Geranium thunbergii, ameliorated particle-induced osteolysis in a Ti particle-induced mouse calvaria model in vivo. We also investigated the mechanism by which Geraniin exerts inhibitory effects on osteoclasts. Geraniin inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in a dose-dependent manner, evidenced by reduced osteoclast formation and suppressed osteoclast specific gene expression. Specially, Geraniin inhibited actin ring formation and bone resorption in vitro. Further molecular investigation demonstrated Geraniin impaired osteoclast differentiation via the inhibition of the RANKL-induced NF-κB and ERK signaling pathways, as well as suppressed the expression of key osteoclast transcriptional factors NFATc1 and c-Fos. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our data suggested that Geraniin exerts inhibitory effects on osteoclast differentiation in vitro and suppresses Ti particle-induced osteolysis in vivo. Geraniin is therefore a potential natural compound for the treatment of wear particle induced osteolysis in prostheses failure. Geraniin induces apoptotic cell death in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in vitro and in vivo.[Pubmed: 24289071] Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2013 Dec;91(12):1016-24. Geraniin has previously been reported to possess extensive biological activity. In this study, we reported that Geraniin is an inhibitor of tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS: Geraniin suppressed the proliferation of A549 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Geraniin arrested the cell cycle in the S phase and induced a significant accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as an increased percentage of cells with mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption. Western blot analysis showed that Geraniin inhibited Bcl-2 expression and induced Bax expression to disintegrate the outer mitochondrial membrane and cause cytochrome c release. Mitochondrial cytochrome c release was associated with the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 cascades. Additionally, Geraniin resulted in tumor growth inhibition in A549 xenografts. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate cytotoxic activity of Geraniin towards cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
In vivo	Osteoprotective effect of geraniin against ovariectomy-induced bone loss in rats.[Pubmed: 25532904] Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2015 Feb 1;25(3):673-9. In the present study, we investigated the antiosteoporotic effect of Geraniin on osteoporosis induced by OVX in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS: The analysis of biochemical parameters showed that Geraniin could significantly increase serum calcium, estradiol and calcitonin levels, and decrease serum ALP, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, serum crosslinked C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, and urinary deoxypyridinoline/creatinine ratio levels, respectively. Geraniin was also found to prevent OVX-induced bone loss in bone mineral density and bone mineral content, to elevate femur weight and bone calcium content, and to enhance the bone mechanical properties as compared with OVX group. In addition, Geraniin was demonstrated to improve the histomorphological parameters of OVX-induced bone loss, including bone trabecular number, thickness, and separation. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that Geraniin have a protective effect against OVX-induced rat osteoporosis.

Protocol of Geraniin

Cell Research

Geraniin exerts cytoprotective effect against cellular oxidative stress by upregulation of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant enzyme expression via PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 pathway.[Pubmed: 25917210]

Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Apr 23;1850(9):1751-1761.

Geraniin, an active compound with remarkable antioxidant activity, was isolated from Geranium sibiricum. The present study aimed to investigate whether Geraniin has the ability to activate Nrf2, induce antioxidant enzyme expression and protect cells from oxidative damage.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The cells were pretreated with Geraniin for 24h and exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 4h. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis were measured. We also investigated intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels and changes in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated signaling cascade in cells treated with Geraniin. We investigated the protective effects of Geraniin against H2O2-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Geraniin significantly reduced H2O2-induced oxidative damage in a dose dependent manner. Further, Geraniin induced the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) and level of glutathione (GSH) in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation. The Nrf2-related cytoprotective effects of Geraniin were PI3K/AKT and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) pathway-dependent. However, inhibitors of PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 (LY294002 or U0126) not only suppressed Geraniin-induced nuclear translocation of Nrf2 but also abolished the expression of HO-1, NQO1 and GSH.
CONCLUSIONS:
These results demonstrated that Geraniin induced Nrf2-mediated expression of antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and NQO1, presumably via PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, thereby protecting cells from H2O2-induced oxidative cell death. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: Geraniin, at least in part, offers an antioxidant defense capacity to protect cells from the oxidative stress-related diseases.

Animal Research

Geraniin down regulates gamma radiation-induced apoptosis by suppressing DNA damage.[Pubmed: 23541438]

Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 Jul;57:147-53.

Gamma ray irradiation triggers DNA damage and apoptosis of proliferating stem cells and peripheral immune cells, resulting in the destruction of intestinal crypts and lymphoid system. Geraniin is a natural compound extracts from an aquatic plant Nymphaea tetragona and possesses good antioxidant property.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
In this study, we demonstrate that Geraniin rescues radiosensitive splenocytes and jejunal crypt cells from radiation-induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Isolated splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice treated with Geraniin were protected against radiation injury of 2 Gy irradiation through the enhancement of the proliferation and attenuation of DNA damage. Also, Geraniin inhibited apoptosis in radiosensitive splenocytes by reducing the expression level and immunoreactivity of proapoptotic p53 and Bax and increasing those of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. In mice exposed to radiation, Geraniin treatment protected splenocytes and intestinal crypt cells from radiation-induced cell death.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our results suggest that Geraniin presents radioprotective effects by regulating DNA damage on splenocytes, exerting immunostimulatory capacities and inhibiting apoptosis of radiosensitive immune cells and jejunal crypt cells. Therefore, Geraniin can be a radioprotective agent against γ-irradiation exposure.

Preparing Stock Solutions of Geraniin

	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	20 mg	25 mg
1 mM	1.0497 mL	5.2486 mL	10.4971 mL	20.9943 mL	26.2429 mL
5 mM	0.2099 mL	1.0497 mL	2.0994 mL	4.1989 mL	5.2486 mL
10 mM	0.105 mL	0.5249 mL	1.0497 mL	2.0994 mL	2.6243 mL
50 mM	0.021 mL	0.105 mL	0.2099 mL	0.4199 mL	0.5249 mL
100 mM	0.0105 mL	0.0525 mL	0.105 mL	0.2099 mL	0.2624 mL
* Note: If you are in the process of experiment, it's necessary to make the dilution ratios of the samples. The dilution data above is only for reference. Normally, it's can get a better solubility within lower of Concentrations.